Hills Like White Elephants Essay free essay sample

During the 1920s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, a short story by Ernest Hemingway, presents many interesting insights into relationships between men and women from the era when it was written. During the 1920’s, an era referred to as the Roarin’ Twenties, women were slowly progressing out from their stereotypical household roles to lives of entertainment and partying. In this short story, Hemingways characters reveal the lingering differences in stature between men and women in this period. Hemingway, in this story, provides detailed descriptions and well thought out dialogue between his two main characters, an American man and a girl called Jig. The dialogue in the â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, allows the reader to understand the interactions between men and women who were in relationship during the 1920s; the characters speech gives insight into their inability to communicate with one another, their differences in status, and a womans reliance on a man. Throughout the story, both the man and the woman are unable to adequately communicate with one another. Although they face a major issue that can dramatically affect both their lives, both seem to evade the elephant in the room,† her unintentional pregnancy. When they first sit down at the table in the train station, the couple simply engages in meaningless small talk in order to avoid the important matter of the woman’s pregnancy. Their initial dialogue shows how neither one wants to bring up such an uncomfortable topic, revealing their unease with each other. Rather than simply communicate what he wants the girl to do, the man takes a passive-aggressive approach to the matter. He says, If you dont want to you dont have to. I wouldnt have you do it if you didnt want to. But I know its perfectly simple.   By saying this, the man appears to care for the girl, when really he is attempting to coerce her into having the operation by making it seem simple and implying it is the only option for happiness; he is passively aggressive. His tone and underlying message frustrates Jig, leading to anger and her threats that [She]ll scream.   The conversations that take place in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† are cyclical in their nature. The couple will have a fleeting moment of happiness, which is soon marred by a quarrel over an issue in their relationship. In the beginning of the story, the couple is having a drink without any issue, but then, they begin to argue over the taste of their drinks. The woman complains, â€Å"Everything tastes of liquor ice especially all the things you’ve waited so long for. †   This irritates the man, so he snaps back, saying, â€Å"Oh, cut it out. †   After quelling the tension, they begin to look out at the hills, they once again begin to argue, this time about possibly aborting her pregnancy. As the cycle continues, they become calm, and then proceed to continue the argument another time. Finally by the end of the story, the couple has calmed themselves once again, but the cycle foreshadows further arguments in the future. Their constant arguments are a result of an underlying problem in their relationship- their inability to communicate with one another. The American and the girl are unable to resolve the dilemma in their relationship, and rather than come to a conclusion through communication, they attempt to cover up these issues with bouts of apparent happiness. The man and girl in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† are unable to communicate well with one another leaving an important issue unresolved. In the story, there appears to be a major difference in status between the man and the girl. In the opening paragraph of the book, Hemingway refers to the couple that is waiting for the train as, â€Å"The American and the girl with him †   In this description Hemingway seems as if it is the man who is travelling in a foreign country and that the girl is simply his accessory. More notably in the line, he refers to Jig as a girl rather than as a woman. Though she is clearly a woman if she is pregnant, Hemingway’s choice in pronouns is most certainly something he intended, allowing him to connote a childish and naive personality to the woman. He adds to this characterization through the woman’s actions and especially her dialogue. While ordering drinks, the girl asks permission to try a new drink. She asks, â€Å"Could we try [the Anis Del Toro]? †   Here she must ask permission to order a new drink almost as if she is a child asking a parent to try something new. Jig feels the urge to ask the man for everything she desires and does not make any decisions on her own. When she claims that the hills resemble white elephants from a distance, she later asks the American man, â€Å"I said the mountains looked like white elephants. Wasn’t that bright?   In this dialogue, Jig is appears to be asking for approval as if a child is asking for the compliments of an adult. This invokes an image of the woman looking up to the American man as almost a wiser, more intelligent peer or even as a father figure. After much arguing over the operation the woman finally asks, â€Å"Can we please please please please please please please stop talking? †   The repetition of the word please is reminiscent of children asking for something they want from a parent. The childish tone of â€Å"please please please† makes the girl seem younger than she really is. In contrast to this, the man seems far more experienced and wiser than his partner. When she claims that they as a couple could â€Å"have everything,† â€Å"have the world,† and â€Å"go everywhere†, he replies with logical pessimism, saying, â€Å"No, we can’t,† multiple times during her fantasies. Such responses are akin to those of an adult advising a child when their dreams are ridiculous, such as having everything, having the world, or going everywhere. These subtle hints at the childish nature of the woman allow Hemingway to reveal the stature of women during the time. Jig, the woman characterized as a girl, is constantly dependent on the American man for support and decision-making. When they are sitting at the table, the girl must rely upon the American to order drinks. Not only does she ask permission to try the drinks, she also is incapable of ordering because she does not speak the language. Even when she is trying to decide whether or not to have the drink with water, she must ask the man, â€Å"Is it good with water? †   Eventually the man makes the decision for her and orders the drinks with water. This demonstrates some instances of how the woman is reliant upon the man to do even the simplest of tasks. The most obvious example of her reliance upon the American is seen in her indecisiveness about the operation. Rather than simply decide that she wants the operation, the woman goes back and forth for although she must want to have the child, her tendency is to do what the man says. As seen in the dialogue, the woman completely relies upon the American for everything she does and all the decisions she makes. The dialogue in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† allows Hemingway to convey the intricacies of relationships in the 1920’s. He reveals how the couple is unable to communicate effectively, the difference in stature of men and women in relationships, and how the woman relies upon the man for all her needs. The chasm between man and woman is clearly illustrated through masterful use of dialogue. The man is presented as superior in knowledge and the woman as childish. Hemingway sets up what seems to be an unequal relationship from the start- she is just a girl, while he is a man. In †Hills like White Elephants† Hemingway has effectively portrayed the relationship between men and women from the Roarin Twenties.

Improved Customer Services for Starbucks- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theImproved Customer Services for Starbucks. Answer: The feedback from internal customers comes from the organization itself, in order to improve the needs and demands, whereas the external customers feedback comes from the outsiders individual ideas that the organization takes into consideration for their improvement. The process of gathering feedback from internal customers is comparatively cheaper and easier than that of external customers (Powell et al. 2012). It is important to gather feedback from the internal customers as it helps in increasing employees satisfaction. This in turn increases the productivity and performances of the employees. Moreover, it lowers the acquisition costs of the employees. Happy and satisfied employees reflect the culture of the organization. In addition to this, satisfied employees help in meeting the consumers demands and desires easily (Roh, Hong and Min 2014). Starbucks launched mobile order and pay feature services, which helped the customers to buy their beverages and foods, without standing in the line for hours. This helped in satisfying the needs of the customers and the adoption of this technology proved to be a huge success. Coles Supermarkets and Woolworths use the digital media platform to promote its products. Moreover, the company opened their online shopping website, where the consumers can order their items by sitting at home. This also helps them gaining a feedback from the consumers (Chang 2016). HSBC Australia uses the technique of internet banking to let the customers pay their bills, transfer money and perform other activities by sitting at their homes (Bass and Dalal Clayton 2012). The organizational structure helps in determining the adaptability and flexibility of the department of marketing to new techniques. If an organizations structure is not stable, the employees will face severe issues in coping up with the environment. In bigger organization lack of communication can be a major issue for the employees. A well organizational structure helps in determining the relationship between the employees and their employers. If the overall marketing goal is not clear, it will hamper the progress and growth of the organization. Therefore, it is necessary to build a good organizational structure as it contributes to the marketability and the marketing success of products as well as services (Peppard and Ward 2016). Description of the problems The ABC manufacturing company has been facing a decline in their sales. There could be two possible reasons for this. Firstly, the company is not keeping a track of their customers behaviors and attitudes. Customers preferences changes from time to time. Therefore, the company needs to track their feedbacks in order to improve the issues. Secondly, the company needs to improve their marketing and promotional activities. In this era of digital media, the company can use the social media platform for promoting their products (Wandersman, Chien and Katz 2012). Alternative solutions Feedback machines can be installed in the stores in order to track the consumers comments and reactions. Moreover, surveys can be conducted among the employees, which will give detailed information regarding their satisfaction and expectations. In addition to this, the company needs to manage their websites and pages on a regular basis. They need to keep a track of the customers demands and reply to their issues. Furthermore, interactions with the target consumers will prove beneficial for them, as the customers will feel that their opinions and views are valued by the companys owner. This in turn, will enhance their productivity as well as profitability (Theodosiou, Kehagias and Katsikea 2012). Description of the processes Customer feedback and the management processes of complaints can be done by managing and keeping a record of their views. It can contribute to the continuous improvement of the company. Moreover, the company needs to keep a track of their internal and external factors which affects their progress. They can adopt the differentiation strategy in order to compete with their existing competitors. The company can change their servicing styles and levels, which will be impactful. Furthermore, they need to develop their promotional and marketing strategies, for the overall success (Roh, Hong and Min 2014). Strategies The company must undertake certain strategies in order to resolve the issues of sales drop. A thorough research of the customers demands will help in a huge way. The unprofitable products can be dropped or the alternative option is to raise their prices. Adding new products of various ranges would be beneficial for the companys progress. The marketing team must do a thorough research of the companys competitors and work accordingly. Adapting the differentiation strategy can benefit the company on the long run. In addition to this, the company should also focus on the digital marketing segment for its promotional activities (Powell et al. 2012). Cost Installing feedback machines in the stores would cost less than hundred dollars. Costs for opening a website will be minimal. Moreover, social networking pages are easily manageable. Professional trainers and experts can be hired for providing the employees with proper training and mentorship. In addition to this, graphic artists can help in designing the advertisements in a professional yet creative manner, which will grab the attention of the customers. The costs are minimal and thus, the company can easily adopt these strategies for improving their problematic areas (Peppard and Ward 2016). Involvement of the personnel and their roles The senior management team is responsible for the overall inspection. The managers need to check the solutions of the issues and get them approved by the senior management team. On getting approval from them, the managers should work in accordance with that. The marketing team of the company needs to start working on their promotional activities. Professional graphic artists can help by providing with innovative designs for the advertisements, which will attract the customers. Moreover, the company can also lure the customers by providing them with offers and discounts. Regular customers can be given with special benefits on shopping. Furthermore, the company should also hire professional experts as well as certified trainers for training their employees on a regular basis (Kumar and Reinartz 2012). Expected outcomes On applying the strategies, the companys productivity will increase which in turn, will enhance their sales. Interacting with the customers will prove beneficial for the company, as it will give useful insights. The possible outcomes will be satisfied customers, increase in the sales, increase in the level of productivity and improvement in the companys profitability (Bass and Dalal Clayton 2012). Relevant legislation Legislation will help in bringing in more transparency for the customers and business as well, in the aspects of terms and conditions. Moreover, Consumer Rights Bill will boost the economy of the company. In addition to this, the company should also take care of the employees Work health and safety policies. Therefore, both the consumers and the employees satisfaction will prove highly beneficial for the company and increase their sales as well (Jahanshani et al. 2014). Majority of the customers do not bother to complain their issues. It is necessary to encourage the consumers to file their complaints, as it helps the company to improve their shortcomings. Bad news travels faster than the good ones. Similarly, a bad review of any company would reach a large number of customers and change their opinions regarding the organization. Interacting with the consumers can help the company owners gain an understanding of their purchasing behaviors and attitudes (Chang 2016). Moreover, pages on social networking sites must be handled carefully. Their queries need to be resolved regularly by managing the pages. Installation of feedback machines at the stores will help in encouraging the consumers to give their valuable opinions. In addition to this, surveys can be conducted for engaging the customers. Therefore, encouraging customers complaints would help the company flourish and gain useful insights. It will also contribute to its productivity and profitability (Hallstedt, Thompson and Lindahl 2013). References Bass, S. and Dalal Clayton, B., 2012.Sustainable development strategies: a resource book. Routledge. Chang, J.F., 2016.Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press. Hallstedt, S.I., Thompson, A.W. and Lindahl, P., 2013. Key elements for implementing a strategic sustainability perspective in the product innovation process.Journal of Cleaner Production,51, pp.277-288. Jahanshani, A. A., Hajizadeh, G. M. A., Mirdhamadi, S. A., Nawaser, K., Khaksar, S. M. S. (2014). Study the effects of customer service and product quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Kumar, V. and Reinartz, W., 2012.Customer relationship management: Concept, strategy, and tools. Springer Science Business Media. Peppard, J. and Ward, J., 2016.The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. John Wiley Sons. Powell, B.J., McMillen, J.C., Proctor, E.K., Carpenter, C.R., Griffey, R.T., Bunger, A.C., Glass, J.E. and York, J.L., 2012. A compilation of strategies for implementing clinical innovations in health and mental health.Medical care research and review,69(2), pp.123-157. Roh, J., Hong, P. and Min, H., 2014. Implementation of a responsive supply chain strategy in global complexity: The case of manufacturing firms.International Journal of Production Economics,147, pp.198-210. Theodosiou, M., Kehagias, J. and Katsikea, E., 2012. Strategic orientations, marketing capabilities and firm performance: An empirical investigation in the context of frontline managers in service organizations.Industrial Marketing Management,41(7), pp.1058-1070. Wandersman, A., Chien, V.H. and Katz, J., 2012. Toward an Evidence?Based System for Innovation Support for Implementing Innovations with Quality: Tools, Training, Technical Assistance, and Quality Assurance/Quality Improvement.American journal of community psychology,50(3-4), pp.445-459.

A Complete Guide on How to Write a Dissertation - BestEssay4u

Writing a dissertation is never easy. Just look at the quantity of work it takes to complete a dissertation. We are aware that your school probably didn’t teach you any research method, and still expects you to write a dissertation so professional that it should be sent to a journal for publishing! It’s the same trend everywhere. Students are suddenly left in the middle of the water, and they have no aids to swim their way across to the bank. But worry not; we’re here! Using our guidelines, you can write one following all the specific requirements and standards of your school. Let’s Answer; What Is a Dissertation? A dissertation is another name for the thesis. It brings an original idea to light using research, and the final compilation is nearly as long as a book. The title of research is generally suggested by the school. It can be modified with the student’s input or suggestion, but the final topic is only approved by the teacher. It takes studying an aspect of a field of knowledge in depth so as to find an answer to a question about which not sufficient knowledge exists before. Or it may be testing a hypothesis. In any case, the knowledge created by doing the research work is supposed to be valuable and filling a gap in the existing body of literature. There are several steps that go into writing a dissertation. To begin with, students are required to prepare a research proposal. They are approved by the teachers or research supervisors after their comments on it are addressed by the students. Then comes the literature review phase culminating into identifying the specific question to find the answer to or a hypothesis to test. Students develop a research methodology outlining the method they would use to collect information on the subject. There can be different kinds of research methodologies including qualitative method, quantitative method, or mixed methods’ approach. After obtaining the data, students analyze the data using appropriate data analysis techniques and using software for analysis as required. Finally, results are drawn, discussed in light and context of the past research, and conclusions are drawn. Students may also write limitations of the research and propose further areas of research in the field. How to Write a Good Dissertation? Expert Tips Writing a good dissertation is particularly challenging, as most students just tend to do basic work in their attempt just to get through and make their way to the end of it. A good dissertation involves proper research work. It cannot be achieved without adequate knowledge of the research methods, knowledge of different kinds of data and variables, detailed understanding of the research methodology and tests that can be applied to the data. Therefore, to write a good dissertation, a student should gain all this knowledge and competence in the various components of research. How to Start a Dissertation Question Is Particularly Challenging, Right? We know you might be at this stage right now; standing clueless, knowing nothing, feeling down! The start is particularly challenging. You might not have any idea of what kind of data you should collect even if you somehow managed to come up with the specific question to answer or hypothesis to test. Also, you might not know which research techniques you should apply to your data. Start a dissertation by conducting research. Brainstorm yourself on the subject consulting a variety of articles on your topic. See what kind of data other researchers have collected on the subject, what kind of methodologies they have used, what limitations have been in their research. A good tip is to find the latest articles documenting recent research so you would easily know what gap exists in the current body of literature studying the limitations’ section of the articles. How to Structure a Dissertation So That It Has It All! The educational institution generally specifies the structure of a dissertation. You might see it in the layout given by your teacher. If you don’t have that, here’s what a dissertation structure typically includes: Introduction Background The significance of this research Literature review Research questions and/or hypothesis Research methodology Sample size and data collection Data analysis Results Discussion Limitations Dissertation Introduction We have been writing them for years. Having successfully completed high-quality dissertations for thousands of students on all kinds of subjects, we have really mastered the art of dissertation writing. Take it from our learning experience that it takes a lot of structured planning to write a good dissertation. The topics are usually assigned by the schools. Teachers also provide preliminary guidelines. But it is for a student actually to do the whole thing, and many challenges are encountered as a student delves into this task that cannot be foreseen or estimated at the start. What Should Be in the Dissertation Body The body of a dissertation is the main thing the whole effort is about. Most of the body of a dissertation comprises three main sections; literature review, research methodology, and data analysis. The body of a dissertation needs to be carefully constructed keeping in mind the word count decided for each section at the start, with due consultation and approval of your teacher. Have a look at the sample or previous dissertation articles available online for a better idea. Dissertation Conclusion; The Summary and Way Forward! The conclusion sums up the entire thesis: no need to delve into the detailed literature review, methodology, or analysis in this section. Just lightly touch upon the methodology section and tests applied and basically discuss what inferences can be drawn from the results obtained from them. End your conclusion with recommendations in light of those inferences, and suggestion of topics and directions for future research. Place an Order If you are having a hard time writing your dissertation, and lack knowledge of the research process, just give your work to us, and relax, or complete other works. We’ll assign your dissertation to an expert writer who will complete it within your deadline. So there’s nothing to worry!

How to Take an Independent Study Class in High School

How to Take an Independent Study Class in High School SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Is there a particular subject you’d like to study, but your high school doesn’t offer it? You may be able to take an independent study! Independent studies can be a great way to take a class your school doesn’t offer but you’d still like to take, whether to strengthen your college applications, prepare for future jobs, or just out of personal interest. Read on to learn about independent studies, what their benefits are, and how you can take one yourself. What Is an Independent Study? An independent study is a class taken by a student that has much less supervision and direction than a typical class: you are learning independently.Students often take independent studies to learn about a specific subject not taught in their high school.Generally, you choose what you want your independent study to focus on and request for it to be approved by your school. You often have to have a detailed plan of what you will learn and the work you will do. Independent studies can be pre-designed, where the materials and coursework have already been created, or self-designed, where you are responsible for developing the curricula for the course. If approved by your high school, you will receive credit for your independent study, just like any other class you take, though the number of credits you receive may vary. Learning independently doesn’t mean you can do whatever you want. You will usually be assigned an adviser (often a teacher or guidance counselor) who will oversee your course and make sure you are putting in enough work to justify getting credit for your independent study.Depending on the class and your school, you may take your independent study during the school day or outside of school. Why Would You Want to Take an Independent Study? Why are some students interested in taking an independent study? There are multiple reasons, the most common of which are listed below. To Take a Class Your School Doesn't Offer This is the most common reason students pursue an independent study. You may want to study a particular subject, such as a less-common foreign language, particular branch of science, or a specific time period in history, but it isn’t taught at your school. You may be interested in studying this subject for your own personal enjoyment or to help prepare you for college classes or future jobs. Pursuing an independent study gives you an opportunity to learn about this topic while still receiving high school credit. If your school doesn’t offer certain AP classes, you may also be able to take an independent study that allows you to prepare for a particular AP exam. Your independent study will most likely not be counted as an AP class, but you can still take the AP exam and possibly receive college credit if you earn a high enough score. To Work In-Depth on a Project You may have a project that you started for another class or on your own and want to be able to devote a significant amount of time to working on it. Potential projects can range from works of art to a research paper and more. Taking an independent study can give you more time to devote to a project you care about than you likely would be able to in a traditional class. To Learn at Your Own Pace Independent studies can also be a good option for students who want to learn at a faster or slower pace. Perhaps you are a strong math student and want to be able to move quickly through lessons, or maybe you want to study a specific subject very in-depth and move at a slower pace to make sure you take in all the information. Because you are learning on your own, independent studies let you set the pace. If You Can't Fit a Class Into Your Schedule In some circumstances, your school may offer a class you are interested in but can’t take during the time it’s offered. If your schedule prevents you from taking a certain class, your school may allow you to take an independent study and learn the subject on your own while having the same homework and exams as the students in the regular class. Special Circumstances, Such as Injury or Illness Sometimes students are unable to come to school regularly or at all due to injury, illness, or for another reason. Some high schools allow students to take independent studies from their home to continue learning until they are able to return to school. If you're ill for a long period of time, you may be able to take an independent study to keep up with your school work. Just what you need to feel better!(WindRanch/Flickr) How to Set up an Independent Study For most high schools, setting up an independent study is fairly straightforward. Follow these steps to organize your own. 1. Decide What You Want to Study The first step to setting up an independent study is to decide what subject you want your course to focus on. This can be anything from Swahili to Asian history to AP psychology and more. In order to choose what to study, make a list of topics that interest you as well as a list of any skills or information you're interested in learning. To help make these lists, think about your favorite classes, what you'd like to study in college, and topics you enjoy learning about in your spare time. Choose your favorites from these lists and research them online or at the library. Are the topics still interesting now that you've looked into them more? Do you think you'd be able to design or find a course that covers one of them in-depth enough to last a semester? Once you have decided on a topic that fits the above requirements and you think will be interesting and informative, double-check your school's course catalog to make sure they don't offer a similar course. 2.Learn Your School’s Policy for Independent Studies After you have decided what you want to study, talk to your guidance counselor to find out what your school’s policy is for independent studies. Questions to ask include if your school allows them, who advises them, and what materials are required in order to receive approval. 3. Develop Your Course Plan The next step is to design the course. The work you do for this step will depend on if your independent study is pre-designed or self-designed. If pre-designed: choose where you want to order your materials from. Many colleges and companies offer independent study courses. Search online to find courses that cover your specific topic. Brigham Young Universityis one of the most popular schools to order course materials from, and their website includes a course catalog so you can see a complete list of the classes they offer. Before ordering, make sure the course covers the information you want it to cover (there should be a syllabus you can view), and that it has enough material to last you asemester. Your school may also provide you with a textbook if they have one that covers the topic you want to study. Also, be aware that the material typically costs at least $100 per course. After you receive your materials, make sure the lesson plans and timeline will fit with your schedule. If not, make some adjustments before submitting the course for approval. If you are designing your own class, then you will have more work to do. You will often need to develop a course description, syllabus, list of reading materials, and list of assignments. If you need help developing these materials, ask your teachers or guidance counselor for advice. You may also be able to find syllabi or reading lists online for similar courses that you can use as a basis to develop your own class. 4. Get Your Class Approved After you have created or found a solid course plan, you will submit it to your school for approval. The people who approve your course varies by school, but it may include teachers, guidance counselors, and deans. They may ask you questions about your course to get more information and make changes to your course plan before approving it. You will likely be assigned an adviser, usually a teacher or counselor, to oversee your independent study. Once you get your independent study approved, you're ready to start learning! 5. Start Learning! After your independent study has been approved, it will be added to your transcript either immediately or at the start of the next semester. If you have not already done so, decide when you will work on your independent study, either during the school day or after. Meet with your adviserand discuss how often you will check in with each other. Things to Consider Before Taking an Independent Study Independent studies can be a great learning opportunity for students, but they aren't for everyone. Ask yourself the following questions before enrolling in an independent study to make sure it's the right choice for you. How Self-Motivated Are You? Taking an independent study can be more difficult than a traditional course because you have to keep yourself on track. While you will have an adviser to supervise the course, you will be the one in charge of making sure you are completing enough work; there will be no teacher to give you assignments every day. Some people find this easier than others, so think honestly about how self-motivated you are before you embark on an independent study. Do You Know What Your Curricula Will Be? Are you prepared to design your own course or search for a course package? For traditional classes, the teacher does this work, and as any of them will tell you, designing a class takes a lot of time and effort. Make sure you have the time and desire to do this. If you are ordering a course package, make sure it is from a reputable school or organization. There are some companies that sell very poor-quality or bare-bones course packages just to make a profit. Ordering from an accredited school is often more reliablethan a for-profit company, but always search for online reviews to see what other customers are saying no matter where you order from. Do You Have Space in Your Schedule? Your independent study may not count towards your graduation requirements, and if it doesn’t, make sure you have enough room in your schedule to complete your required classes as well as your independent study. Not doing so could delay your graduation or cause you to have to take an extra class in the future. Are You OKWith Learning Alone? Not only will you not have a regular teacher in an independent study, you will also not have fellow students in your class. Some people enjoy learning on their own, but others prefer working in groups, hearing other people’s opinions during class, and having classmates to call for homework help. Consider how you will feel not having those things before deciding to take an independent study. Think about whether you'd enjoy learning without any classmates before you enroll in an independent study. What If You Can’t Take an Independent Study? You may not always be able to take an independent study, for a variety of reasons. Your school may not have approved it, you may not have space in your schedule, or you may have had difficulty finding material to fill an entire course. If that’s the case, you still have other options for studying a topic you are interested in. Learn on Your Own While you won’t get school credit for it, if there is a subject you are really interested in, you can always choose to study it outside of school for your own personal benefit. You will still gain knowledge that can be used for future classes and jobs, even if it isn’t included on your transcript, and you may enjoy learning about the subject even more knowing you won’t be tested on it. If you do decide to go this route, it may be possible for you to include your work as an extracurricular on your college applications or write about it as part of your college admissions essay. Take a Community College Class If you can’t take an independent study, taking a class at a community college may be an option if they offer a course on the subject. Your high school may not give you high school credit it for it, but you can always include it on your college applications, and you may get college credit for taking it. Wait Until College Colleges often have a much wider variety of course offerings than high schools. If there is a subject that you’d like to learn about, but you can’t take an independent study or prefer to learn in a traditional classroom environment, you may want to consider waiting until college to take a class on it. Do a Project on the Topic for Another Class While you likely won’t be able to study the topic as in-depth as you would in an independent study, you may be able to learn about your topic of choice in a related class. For example, if you want to study Asian history, you may be able to write a report or do a project on it as part of your regular history class. This allows you keep a normal schedule while also learning about topics that interest you. Summary Taking an independent study can be a great way to study a subject not offered by your high school. You can create your own course or purchase a pre-designed course package. Before taking an independent study, make sure you will be motivated enough to learn on your own and will enjoy taking a class by yourself. To get more information, talk to your guidance counselor to learn your school’s policy on independent studies. If you can’t take an independent study, there are other options, such as taking a community college class or learning on your own. What's Next? Wondering what all the possible classes you can take in high school are? We have a complete list of all high school classes offered to help you give you ideas for potential independent studies. Do you know what classes you should take in high school? Check out our guide to the standard high school curriculum and learn how to plan your class schedule. Electives are some of the most interesting classes you can take in high school. Do you know which ones you should take? Read our guide to help choose which electives are best for you. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Topic related to Native American Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Topic related to Native American Culture - Essay Example On this basis, this essay will discuss the common characteristics of the Native American culture and also highlight on the history of the Native American flute. To start with, the way of life of the different Native Americans was dictated by the climate and natural resources present at the areas they inhabited. According to the American Indian Heritage Foundation, Native Americans share a principle that emphasizes care of the land and respect for nature (1). In this respect, the Native Americans adopted a lifestyle that promoted conservation of nature and natural resources. Therefore, the Native American culture differed depending on the natural resources available to specific communities. For instance, some communities living in forested regions, relied on hunting and gathering for their living while others, living in the highlands, depended on farming practices. However, it is worth pointing out that some elements of the Native American culture were eroded by European settlers, who colonized and exploited the indigenous American communities. Before colonization, the Native Americans shifted their ways of life to conform to the changing se asons based on the environment they occupied (National Humanities Center 1). Interestingly, the Native Americans shared common values in relation to family setups. In reality, the family structures of the Native Americans varied widely but there exist common core values and beliefs (National Association of School Psychologists 1). To begin with, many Native American families are ‘big’. Traditionally, most families were extended in nature, comprising of nuclear and extended family members living in a close proximity. Moreover, according to the National Association of School Psychologists, the Native Americans possessed high fertility rates hence increased prevalence of single mothers resulting from out of wedlock childbirth (1).

Substance disorders - cocaine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Substance disorders - cocaine - Essay Example The paper is written to inform the reader about this drug from the categories of the DSM-IV through the issues of treatment. According to King, Davison, Neale and Johnson (2007), substance related disorders are defined as disorders in which drugs such as alcohol and cocaine are abused to such an extent that behavior becomes maladaptive, social and occupational functioning are impaired and control or abstinence becomes impossible. Reliance on the drug may be psychological as in substance abuse or physiological as in substance dependence or addiction. According to the DSM IV TR the following is the criteria for substance dependence and abuse: A maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by three (or more) of the following, occurring any time in the same 12-month period: 7. The substance use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the substance (for example, current cocaine use despite recognition of cocaine-induced depression or continued drinking despite recognition that an ulcer was made worse by alcohol consumption). One of which outlines whether substance dependence is; With physiologic dependence (evidence of tolerance or withdrawal) or Without physiologic dependence (no evidence of tolerance or withdrawal). In addition, remission categories are classified into four subtypes: 1. Recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home (such as repeated absences or poor work performance related to substance use; substance-related absences, suspensions, or expulsions from school; or neglect of children or household). 4. Continued substance use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated

The Advantages Of Studying Abroad Education Essay

The Advantages Of Studying Abroad Education Essay The development of the society is going towards a globalised world where the social, cultural and traditional differences between people are becoming less distinguishable. One of the key factors which has largely influenced in the development of peoples way of understanding and analysing social and cultural values is education which has taken an important place in the new century. Education is an essential foundation for personal, social and economic success in a globalised economy (OECD 2008). International studies are becoming the new trend of young people as a way to expend their education beyond their traditional education style and their everyday world (Spiering and Ericson 2006). Johnson and Mulholland (2006) consider international education as an opportunity to increase the awareness of the people about the culture of the world which can contribute in creating individuals with a broader understanding of issues concerning todays society rather than limiting them in the scope of home educational system. In this point of view, studying abroad students gain the opportunity to learn more about world affairs and increase their acceptance of other countries regardless of the differences in culture or language. Moreover studying in a foreign directly benefits in learning a new language. Pellegrino (1997) argues that study abroad is one of the most effective ways of becoming proficient in a new language. Students who chose to spend a certain amount of time in a country the language they are willing to learn is spoken, have the opportunity to interact with native speakers a fact which would directly influence in the improvement of their linguistic and sociolinguistic skills to achieve real communicative goals, and to experience the tangible and visible manifestations of the culture of the country (Pellegrino 1997). Individuals who have studied abroad in foreign language often demonstrate cognitive development, creative thinking which surpass the abilities of individuals who have educational experiences of their home country only (Kinginger 2007). One of the reasons why studying abroad is becoming more important nowadays considering the effects of globalization, is the international job market. Qiang (2003) observes that there is a significant increase in the number of recruitments regarding the international workforce due to globalization process which has caused the education system, especially higher education, not to be strictly viewed in the national context. Mpinganjira (2009) analyses that the need of being competitive in the international job market has influenced many students to look to opportunities to enhance their career prospects through acquiring high quality education with qualifications that are recognised worldwide. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to analyse the advantages of studying abroad from the students point of view and to propose some new ways of thinking for students when evaluating the possibility of studying in a foreign country. The hypothesis to be studied is: students in the Southern and Eastern Europe think that high quality of studies can only be achieved through studying in a Western country. In addition the primary and secondary research will attempt to identify some of the factors that influence in the choice of students regarding their studies. Some of the major objectives of this study are: The guiding factors for young people toward choosing a university abroad rather than going in a local university How important is the financial situation in deciding to study in a foreign university What role plays the learning a new language in deciding in which university to go Identify the opinion of students about the influence that a period of studies would have in their personal life and future career MATERIALS AND METHODS The research process was divided into two major parts which contributed in the collection and analyze of the data. The first part included secondary data collection from different sources related to the subject of research. Some of this sources are used in the paper in order to explain different facts regarding to the topic. The second part consisted of primary data collection through a survey which was designed in accordance to the characteristics of the population it was intended for (see Appendices Survey). The survey was distributed to young people (high school and college students) in Korca, Albania by e-mail. It resulted in 25 respondents out of 50 actually delivered or 50% response rate. In order to increase the number of respondents the survey was redistributed to students in Perrotis College completing the intended number of respondents, 50. After the data were collected Microsoft Excel was used in order to organize the data in tables. Afterwards the data were imported to JMP 8 statistical software where the data were analyzed using tables, charts and other statistical analyses figures. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Characteristics of the population From the analyse of the data using JMP 8 the characteristics of the population were identified. Table 1 contains the full characteristics of the population and the responses retrieved from the survey. No. of partecipants Gender Factors in deciding where to study Would you go to study abroad Why foreign university Advantages of foreign universities Western Universities offer quality 16 male Quality Quality More opportunities personal experience yes 17 male Quality Quality More opportunities quality of studies yes 18 male Quality Quality Excellent experience quality of studies most likely 19 male Quality Quality Couldnt study in my country Language proficiency yes 20 male Quality Quality Couldnt study in my country Language proficiency yes 21 male Quality Quality Couldnt study in my country personal experience yes 22 male Quality Quality Excellent experience quality of studies yes 23 male Quality Quality Excellent experience quality of studies yes 24 male Quality Quality Excellent experience quality of studies yes 25 male Quality Quality Excellent experience multicultural experience most likely 26 male Quality Quality More opportunities multicultural experience yes 27 male Quality Quality More opportunities personal experience most likely 28 male Quality Quality More opportunities multicultural experience most likely 29 male Quality Quality More opportunities quality of studies yes 30 male Cost Cost Excellent experience Language proficiency yes 31 male Cost Cost Excellent experience multicultural experience yes 32 female Location Location Excellent experience personal experience yes 33 female Location Location More opportunities quality of studies most likely 34 female Quality Quality More opportunities quality of studies yes 35 female Quality Quality Excellent experience quality of studies yes 36 female Quality Quality More opportunities multicultural experience yes 37 female Location Location Couldnt study in my country personal experience yes 38 female Quality Quality Excellent experience Language proficiency yes 39 female Quality Quality More opportunities multicultural experience most likely 40 female Cost Cost More opportunities multicultural experience most likely Distributions Age Age of Respondents Figure 1 Frequencies Level Count Prob 17 18 9 0.18000 18 20 11 0.22000 20 22 22 0.44000 22 24 5 0.10000 above 24 3 0.06000 Total 50 1.00000 N Missing 0 5 Levels Figure 1 illustrates the age characteristics of the sample involved in the survey. As it is shown the majority of the respondents belonged in the age group of 20 22 years old which corresponds to the first year of college for many countries. Gender Distribution of the sample by Gender Figure 2 Frequencies Level Count Prob female 19 0.38000 male 31 0.62000 Total 50 1.00000 N Missing 0 2 Levels From figure 2 gender characteristics can be understood. The research has been directed to 50 individuals where 62 % or 31 of the respondents were males while 38% or 19 respondents belonged to female gender. Factors in deciding where to study Important factors which influence the students when choosing where to study. Figure 3 Frequencies Level Count Prob Cost 11 0.22000 Location 3 0.06000 Quality 36 0.72000 Total 50 1.00000 N Missing 0 3 Levels The above figure summarises some of the most important factors which influence the young people by the most when making a decision about the university they are going to be attending. As shown the most important factor in students opinion, is the quality of studies that a university offers or the fame of the university. Would you go to study abroad The students willingness to study abroad Figure 4 Frequencies Level Count Prob I dont know 22 0.44000 No 2 0.04000 Yes 26 0.52000 Total 50 1.00000 N Missing 0 3 Levels When asked about their willingness to continue their studies in a foreign university 52% of the students answered that they would chose a university outside their home country for their studies while, 44% of them answered that their choice would depend on the characteristic of the universities they would go in their country. This part of the questioned sample would go for studies abroad only if the universities in their country would not offer the preferred characteristics for the students. Only 4% of the students answered that they are not considering at all the possibility of studying in a foreign country. Why foreign university Reasons for choosing a foreign university Figure 5 Frequencies Level Count Prob Couldns study in my country 11 0.22000 Exellent experience 18 0.36000 More opportunities 21 0.42000 Total 50 1.00000 N Missing 0 3 Levels The majority of the students think that foreign universities offer more opportunities for their future career, therefore, they would go to study abroad. The other part of the students consider studying abroad as an excellent experience in their lives. On the other hand, the minority of the questioned students would go in a foreign university only if they wouldnt be able to study in their preferred university in their countries. Advantages of foreign universities Advantages of studying abroad Figure 6 Frequencies Level Count Prob Linguage proficiency 5 0.10000 multicultural experience 18 0.36000 personal experience 11 0.22000 quality of studies 16 0.32000 Total 50 1.00000 N Missing 0 4 Levels Regarding to the advantages that the foreign universities offer compared with studying experiences in the home countries, students are approximately equally divided regarding to what they think are the advantages of studying abroad. 36% of the students consider the multicultural aspect of the studies as the most important factor on studying in a foreign university while 32% emphasise the quality of studies in other countries as the main aspect. Also the possibility of personal experiences and opportunity to know yourself better are very important in students evaluation for a university. While the opportunity of learning a new language proficiently is less important. Financial implications of studies Students opinion about the impact of costs associated with studying abroad Figure 7 Frequencies Level Count Prob Agree 14 0.28000 Dissagree 1 0.02000 Dont know 8 0.16000 Strongly agree 27 0.54000 Total 50 1.00000 N Missing 0 4 Levels The biggest part of the students strongly agreed that the cost of studying in a foreign university plays an important role in deciding to go for studies abroad or not. Western Universities offer quality Do western universities offer better quality? Figure 8 Frequencies Level Count Prob most likely 12 0.24000 yes 38 0.76000 Total 50 1.00000 N Missing 0 2 Levels When asked if they think that universities in the Western Europe offer a better quality compared with universities in their own countries, the majority of students, 76% agreed that the universities in the west offer more opportunities for a high quality of studies, while, 24% of them answered that they were not sure on this statement. There were no students to disagree. Contingency Analysis of Western Universities offer quality By Home Country Mosaic Plot Contingency Table Home Country By Western Universities offer quality Count Total % Col % Row % most likely yes Albania 6 12.00 50.00 19.35 25 50.00 65.79 80.65 31 62.00 Bulgaria 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 4.00 5.26 100.00 2 4.00 FYROM 3 6.00 25.00 50.00 3 6.00 7.89 50.00 6 12.00 Greece 1 2.00 8.33 12.50 7 14.00 18.42 87.50 8 16.00 Moldova 1 2.00 8.33 50.00 1 2.00 2.63 50.00 2 4.00 Turkey 1 2.00 8.33 100.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 2.00 12 24.00 38 76.00 50 Tests N DF -LogLike RSquare (U) 50 5 3.7635068 0.1366 Test ChiSquare Prob>ChiSq Likelihood Ratio 7.527 0.1843 Pearson 7.710 0.1730 Discussion In the table above can be observed that the model constraint by the hypothesis has a log-likelyhood of 3.763 while the ChiSquare has a non significant p-value of 0.1843. The hypothesis risen in the beginning that Student from Eastern and Southern Europe think that high quality of studies can only be achieved through studying in a Western country is supported by the values given form the contingency analysis. Therefore the hypothesis is accepted. CONCLUSION